Advanced Linux Commands

File and Directory Operations

• find - Search for files and directories in a directory hierarchy
• rsync - Remote file and directory synchronization
• ln - Create hard or symbolic links
• stat - Display detailed file or file system status

File Viewing and Editing

• grep - Search for patterns in files
• awk - Pattern scanning and text processing tool
• sed - Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
• diff - Compare files line by line

File Permissions

• sudo - Execute a command as another user, typically the superuser
• su - Switch user or become another user
• visudo - Edit the sudoers file safely

System Information

• lshw - List hardware information
• free - Display amount of free and used memory in the system
• lsof - List open files and processes that opened them

User and Group Management

• usermod - Modify a user account
• groupmod - Modify a group definition on the system
• newgrp - Log into a new group identity

Package Management

• dpkg - Debian package manager
• rpm - Red Hat Package Manager
• zypper - Package manager for openSUSE

Networking

• ip - Show/manipulate routing, devices, policy routing, and tunnels
• ss - Utility to investigate sockets
• nmap - Network exploration and security auditing tool

Process Management

• nice - Run a program with modified scheduling priority
• nohup - Run a command immune to hangups
• strace - Trace system calls and signals

Archiving and Compression

• tar - Create or extract tar archives with additional compression options
• bzip2 - Compress or decompress files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm
• xz - Compress or decompress files using the LZMA compression algorithm

Search and Text Processing

• awk - Pattern scanning and text processing language
• sed - Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
• cut - Remove sections from each line of a file
• tr - Translate or delete characters

System Monitoring and Performance

• top - Display and update information about the top CPU processes
• htop - Interactive process viewer
• iotop - View I/O usage of processes

Firewall Configuration

• iptables - Administration tool for IPv4 packet filtering and NAT
• ufw - Uncomplicated Firewall, a user-friendly interface for iptables

Text Searching and Processing

• grep - Search for patterns in files
• awk - Pattern scanning and processing language
• sed - Stream editor for filtering and transforming text

Listing information

• ls : Lists the contents of a directory.
• lshw - Lists hardware information.
• lsblk - Lists block devices.
• lsof - Lists open files.
• lsmod - Lists loaded kernel modules.
• lspci - Lists PCI devices.
• lsusb - Lists USB devices.
• lslk - Lists information about Linux kernel locks.
• lsattr - Lists file attributes on a Linux second extended file system.
• lsns - Lists namespaces.
• lslogins - Lists user login information.
• lselect - Lists processes.
• lslocks - Lists local system locks.
• lsmem - Lists memory regions.
• lsns - Lists namespaces.
• lsipc - Lists inter-process communication facilities.
• lscpu - Lists CPU information.
• lsscsi - Lists SCSI devices.
• lslocks - Lists local system locks.
• lsns - Lists namespaces.
• lsns - Lists namespaces.
• lsnet - Lists network interfaces.
• ls_cgroup - Lists cgroups.
• lselect - Lists processes.
• lslocks - Lists local system locks.
• lsns - Lists namespaces.
• lsof +L1 - Lists open files for a specific process.
• lsns -t net - Lists network namespaces.